When Do Ovarian Cysts Need to Be Removed?

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or within the ovaries. While many ovarian cysts are benign and may even go away on their own, some may require medical attention or surgical removal, particularly when they become symptomatic, potentially malignant, or cause serious complications such as a ruptured cyst.

Signs of Problematic Ovarian Cysts

Concerning signs and symptoms to look out for include:

• Pain and Discomfort: One may experience pain or pressure in the pelvic area, which can range from a dull ache to a sharp pain.
• Urinary Symptoms: If the cyst grows and presses against the bladder, one may experience frequent urination, urgency to urinate or trouble fully emptying the bladder.
• Menstrual Issues: Sometimes, ovarian cysts can interfere with one’s menstrual cycle, leading to irregular or heavier periods. They may also cause spotting or bleeding between periods.
• Ruptured Ovarian Cysts: Larger ovarian cysts may rupture, leading to severe pain, vaginal bleeding, nausea, vomiting, weakness, fainting, and fever.

When Ovarian Cysts Need to be Removed

A gynaecologist can determine when to remove an ovarian cyst based on the following criteria:

• The size of the cyst, and whether or not it is growing
• The cyst does not resolve on its own and is symptomatic
• The cyst developed during the post-menopausal stage
• The cyst is at risk of rupturing, or has ruptured
• The cyst appears suspicious of cancer or malignancy
• The cyst persists for several menstrual cycles without resolving on its own

Benefits of Minimally Invasive Cyst Removal

When surgical removal of an ovarian cyst is needed, gynaecologists generally recommend a minimally invasive approach where possible, such as laparoscopic (keyhole) surgery. Compared to traditional open surgery, a laparoscopic approach will require only a few small incisions and specialised surgical instruments to remove the cyst(s). The main benefits include:

• Reduced Scarring: Laparoscopic ovarian cyst removal involves smaller incisions and fewer stitches, resulting in less noticeable scarring than traditional open surgery.
• Lower Risk of Infection: The minimally invasive nature of laparoscopic surgery means it has a lower risk of wound infection.
• Quicker Recovery: Patients generally experience a faster recovery process, with a shorter hospital stay and a quicker return to normal activities.
• Improved Surgical Precision: The use of a laparoscope and specialised surgical tools means that surgeons are able to get a clearer view of the surgical site, allowing for more precise work.
• Reduced Post-Surgery Pain: Smaller incisions also mean less post-operative pain, making recovery more comfortable.

If you notice symptoms related to ovarian cysts, please seek medical attention from a gynaecologist. At GynaeMD Women's & Rejuvenation Clinic, we provide comprehensive care for ovarian cysts. Contact us at 6733 8810 to make an appointment today.