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Endometriosis

Endometriosis is one of the main causes of pelvic pain and infertility, and about 1 in 10 women are affected by this condition. Endometriosis happens when the tissue that lines the inside of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside of it.

Endometriosis can be found in the muscle layer of the womb (adenomyosis), ovary (endometriotic cyst), bladder and bowel. In adenomyosis, the endometriotic cells will accumulate in the muscle layers of the uterus overtime causing the uterus to enlarge which ultimately leads to pelvic pain especially during menses.

Symptoms

  • Painful periods
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding
  • Prolonged menstrual bleeding
  • Pain during or after sexual intercourse
  • Long-term lower back and pelvic pain
  • Infertility (decreases a woman’s ability to conceive)

Treatment

  • Medication and Hormonal Therapy
    For patients who are experiencing mild pain and menstrual symptoms, endometriosis can be treated with over-the-counter medicines. Alternatively, hormonal therapy in the form of oral medication or injections is used to suppress endometriosis activity during the menstrual cycle in order to reduce any discomfort and menstrual symptoms.
  • Surgery
    Surgery is recommended only if medication is not effective. Endometriotic lesions and cysts can be successfully removed via laparoscopic surgery. As endometriosis tends to recur, women who have plans to conceive are advised to do so as soon as possible after the endometriosis surgery.

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